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 Kesar 90000 42344 LanguageDownload PDFWatchEditThe 'Gir Kesar' mango, also called Kesar, is a mango cultivar grown in the foothills of Girnar in Gujarat, western India. The mango is known for its bright orange colored pulp and was given the geographical indication status in 2011. The biggest market of Gir Kesar is in Talala Gir (45 km from Gir national park) known as a Mango Market Yard (Plus code : 3GFV+9P Borvav, Gujarat).Mangifera 'Gir Kesar''Kesar' variety of mangoGenusMangiferaSpeciesMangifera indicaCultivar'Gir Kesar'OriginIndiaHistoryEditThe mango was grown in 1931 by Junagadh Wazir Sale Bhai in Vanthali. About 75 grafts were then planted in the foothills of Girnar at the Junagadh Laal Dori farm. The mango is said to have been known as "Kesar" since 1934 when the Nawab of Junagadh Muhammad Mahabat Khan III said "This is Kesar" looking at the orange pulp of the fruit—kesar being Hindi for saffron.[1][2]ProductionEditA mango plantation near Gir sanctuary (Sasan Gir).The Kesar mango is grown in an approximate area of 20,000 hectare in the districts of Junagadh and Amreli in the Saurashtra region of Gujarat, with an estimated annual production of two lakh tonnes. However, only the mango grown around the Gir sanctuary area is officially known as "Gir Kesar mango".[1]This variety of mango is usually produced to the market in April-May and should be harvested at green mature stage, with the cultivation beginning around October after the monsoon season.[3] Kesar variety is among the most expensive varieties of the fruit.[4]Geographical IndicationEditGujarat Agro Industries Corporation (GAIC) Ltd proposed the geographical indication (GI) registration of Gir Kesar mango. After the Junagadh Agricultural University filed the application in 2010, the fruit was granted the GI tag in 2011 by the Geographical Indication Registry in Chennai, making the name "Gir Kesar" exclusive to the mangoes grown in the region. It thus became the first agricultural product from Gujarat and the second mango variety in India (after Uttar Pradesh's Dasheri mango) to earn the GI tag.[5][6]See alsoEditList of mango cultivarsList of Geographical Indications in IndiaReferencesEdit^ a b Kaushik, Himanshu (1 May 2010). "Guj seeks exclusive status for Gir Kesar mango". The Times of India. Retrieved 29 January 2016.^ "Kesar of Junagadh to get GI registration as Gir Kesar Mango". Zee News. 1 May 2010. Retrieved 29 January 2016.^ Balan, Premal (25 May 2015). "Kesar mango arrives in Junagadh's Talala market, prices at three year high". The Times of India. Retrieved 29 January 2016.^ Dave, Hiral (22 March 2010). "Kesar mango from Gir all set to rub shoulders with Darjeeling tea". The Indian Express. Retrieved 29 January 2016.^ Daniel, P George (28 July 2011). "GI tag for Gir Kesar mango, Bhalia wheat". The Times of India. Retrieved 29 January 2016.^ "Junagadh Kesar mango gets GI tag as 'Gir Kesar'". The Hindu Business Line. 1 August 2011. Retrieved 29 January 2016.Last edited 3 days ago by 110.226.154.168RELATED ARTICLESBenishan (mango)Mango cultivarBhalia wheatTalala, GujaratTown in Gujarat, IndiaContent is available under CC BY-SA 3.0 unless otherwise noted.Privacy policy Terms of UseDesktop

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Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is an important tropical tree cultivated for its fruits. The fruit processing by-products, the leaves and the fruits themselves can be used to feed livestock though their nutritional value is low.

Morphology

Guava is a fast growing evergreen shrub or small tree that can grow to a height of 3-10 m. It has a shallow root system. Guava produces low drooping branches from the base and suckers from the roots. The trunk is slender, 20 cm in diameter, covered with a smooth green to red brown bark that peels off in thin flakes. Young twigs are pubescent. The leaves grow in pairs, opposite each other. The leaf blade is elliptic to oblong in shape, 5-15 cm long x 3-7 cm broad, finely pubescent and veined on the lower face, glabrous on the upper face. The flowers are white in colour, about 3 cm in diameter, solitary or in 2-3 flower clusters borne at the axils of newly emerging lateral shots. The fruit is a fleshy, pyriform or ovoid berry that can weigh up to 500 g (Orwa et al., 2009). The skin colour is yellowish to orange. The flesh can be white, yellow, pink or red, sour to sweet, juicy and aromatic (Ecocrop, 2015; Orwa et al., 2009; Soetopo, 1991). The fruit contains a variable number of seeds (about 3-5 mm long) and its mesocarp is characterized by the presence of small (0.1 mm) and hard fibrous structures called stone cells (sclereids), which may cause damage to processing machinery (El Boushy et al., 2000; Weinert et al., 1988).

Utilisation

Guava is mainly grown for its edible fruits that are eaten raw or made into purée (pulp), jam, jelly, paste, juice, syrup, chutney, etc. (Murray et al., 1989; El Boushy et al., 2000). It is cultivated in orchards or in home gardens in many tropical countries. Guava is widely cultivated in Africa, and incorporated into agroforestry systems in India (CABI, 2013). Guava wood is useful for tool manufacturing, fences or firewood (it is a good source of charcoal) (Orwa et al., 2009). Handling of guava fruit is difficult and the rate of cull fruits is high (about 40% in Florida in the 1980s) (Murray et al., 1989). Guava processing yields 25% by-products that can be used in animal feeding (Azevêdo et al., 2011). For the production of guava purée the fruits are chopped and fed through a pulper, which removes seeds and fibrous tissues and forces the remainder through a finisher, which removes the stone cells. Guava waste from this process consists of a mixture of seeds, fibrous tissues and stone cells (El Boushy et al., 2000). Guava leaves can be used as fodder. Guava flowers are fragrant, and a good source of nectar for bees (Orwa et al., 2009).

Distribution 

Guava may have originated either from tropical America or from Asia, and is now widespread throughout the tropics and subtropics. It is naturalized in the Old World Tropics and in the West Indies. Guava can grow under a wide range of environmental conditions. It is reported as